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What (who) is tyrosine - definition

AMINO ACID

Phosphotyrosine; L-Tyrosine; L-tyrosine; Tyrosines; Tyrosine metabolism; L-m-tyrosine; Tyrosin; 4-Hydroxyphenylalanine; 4-hydroxyphenylalanine; Hydroxyphenylalanine; 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid; Tyrosine biosynthesis; Rxosine; Tyrosine Power; Tyrosyl; HOC6H4CH2CH(NH2)COOH; Meta-tyrosine; 3-hydroxyphenylalanine

tyrosine

['t??r?si:n]

¦ noun Biochemistry an amino acid found in most proteins and important in the synthesis of some hormones.

Origin

C19: formed irregularly from Gk turos 'cheese' + -ine⁴.

Tyrosine hydroxylase

MAMMALIAN PROTEIN FOUND IN HOMO SAPIENS

Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase; Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor; Tyrosine-3-hydroxylase; EC 1.14.16.2; Tyrosine 3-hydroxylase; L-tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). It does so using molecular oxygen (O2), as well as iron (Fe2+) and tetrahydrobiopterin as cofactors.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_hydroxylase

Tyrosine phosphorylation

THE PHOSPHORYLATION OF PEPTIDYL-TYROSINE TO FORM PEPTIDYL-O4'-PHOSPHO-L-TYROSINE.

Tyrosine-phosphorylation

Tyrosine phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to the amino acid tyrosine on a protein. It is one of the main types of protein phosphorylation.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_phosphorylation

Wikipedia

Tyrosine

L-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. It is a non-essential amino acid with a polar side group. The word "tyrosine" is from the Greek tyrós, meaning cheese, as it was first discovered in 1846 by German chemist Justus von Liebig in the protein casein from cheese. It is called tyrosyl when referred to as a functional group or side chain. While tyrosine is generally classified as a hydrophobic amino acid, it is more hydrophilic than phenylalanine. It is encoded by the codons UAC and UAU in messenger RNA.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine

Examples of use of tyrosine

1. If you eat protein – say, a piece of fish for lunch, you are going to feel far more alert in the afternoon than if you had eaten a bowl of carbohydrate–rich pasta – that‘s partly because the fish will break down to the amino acid tyrosine, which promotes the release of noradrenaline and dopamine.